Figure 1. Femur and Patella. The femur is the single bone from the thigh location. It articulates superiorly Together with the hip bone within the hip joint, and inferiorly With all the tibia for the knee joint. The patella only articulates Using the distal conclude in the femur.
Inferiorly, the talus articulates While using the calcaneus (heel bone), the biggest bone in the foot, which varieties the heel. Body excess weight is transferred within the tibia on the talus into the calcaneus, which rests on the bottom. The medial calcaneus includes a distinguished bony extension known as the sustentaculum tali (“aid with the talus”) that supports the medial facet of your talus bone.
These locations articulate Using the medial and lateral condyles of the femur to kind the knee joint. Amongst the articulating surfaces in the tibial condyles could be the intercondylar eminence, an irregular, elevated place that serves as being the inferior attachment issue for two supporting ligaments of the knee.
The nerves with the lumbar plexus go in front of the hip joint and largely aid the anterior A part of the thigh.[46]
medial, expanded area from the proximal tibia that includes The sleek floor that articulates Together with the medial condyle with the femur as Component of the knee joint
The proximal finish of the tibia is considerably expanded. The two sides of this growth form the medial condyle on the tibia along with the lateral condyle of your tibia. The tibia does not have epicondyles. The top surface of each condyle is easy and flattened.
The five metatarsal bones form the anterior foot. The bottom of such bones articulate While using the cuboid or cuneiform bones. The metatarsal heads, at their distal finishes, articulate Along with the proximal phalanges with the toes.
The lesser trochanter is a little, bony prominence that lies to the medial element of the femur, just below the neck. Just one, effective muscle mass attaches to your lesser trochanter. Functioning between here the higher and lesser trochanters around the anterior aspect in the femur would be the roughened intertrochanteric line. The trochanters also are related to the posterior facet with the femur via the larger intertrochanteric crest.
tarsal bone that articulates superiorly With all the tibia and fibula for the ankle joint; also articulates inferiorly with the calcaneus bone and anteriorly Using the navicular bone
These muscles unite in a considerable terminal tendon, the Achilles tendon, which happens to be hooked up to your posterior tubercle with the calcaneus. The plantaris carefully follows the lateral head from the gastrocnemius. Its tendon operates involving Individuals from the soleus and gastrocnemius and is particularly embedded while in the medial stop of the calcaneus tendon.[32]
These muscles and their fatty tissue perform as cushions that transmit the weight of the human body downward. As a whole, the foot is really a purposeful entity.[34]
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most lateral on the 3 cuneiform website tarsal bones; articulates posteriorly While using the navicular bone, medially with the intermediate cuneiform bone, laterally with the cuboid bone, and anteriorly While using the 3rd metatarsal bone
The human adaption to bipedalism has also afflicted the location of your body's center of gravity, the reorganization of inside organs, and the shape and biomechanism in the trunk.[nine] In humans, the double S-shaped vertebral column functions as a great shock-absorber which shifts the load from the trunk more than the load-bearing surface area with the toes.